<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirschbaum, M. U. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harms, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathers, N. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalal, R. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil carbon and nitrogen changes after clearing mulga (Acacia aneura) vegetation in Queensland, Australia: Observations, simulations and scenario analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil biology &amp; biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CenW</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conversion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deforestation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth-model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mulga</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic-matter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pasture development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pools</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">queensland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terrestrial ecosystems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000251655800012</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">392-405</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0038-0717</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the work reported here we examine the changes in soil (organic) carbon and nitrogen that are observed after converting a stand of nitrogen-fixing mulga trees (Acacia aneura) to buffel-grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) pasture that contained no nitrogen-fixing legumes. A range of previously reported field measurements was compared against the output of CenW 3.1, a reformulated version of the CENTURY model. The model successfully reproduced the observed patterns of soil carbon, C:N ratios and nitrogen mineralisation rates under mulga vegetation. This included relatively small changes in carbon concentration down to 1 m, C:N ratios of around 11-13 across all soil depths, substantial nitrogen mineralisation rates to a depth of 90 cm and, after clearing, an on-going decrease in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks. Interpretation of experimental observations was made difficult by the addition of a large amount of 'dead' organic matter from killed mulga roots after clearance. This material may be excluded through sieving (to 2 mm) in measurements taken shortly after tree removal, but may be included in later-year sampling as the partly decomposed material might be able to pass through sieves. Past work has usually ignored consideration of dead coarse roots. For the site carbon budget, changes in live biomass and surface litter significantly outweighed the small changes in soil organic carbon, and changes in decaying coarse roots were quantitatively more important than changes in other organic carbon pools. Modelled nitrogen mineralisation rates were lower under buffel-grass than those under mulga and showed significant year-to-year variations that were in line with varying rainfall. It showed no consistent trend over the first 20 years after clearing because the effect of decreasing nitrogen stocks was balanced by an increase in organic matter quality with the change from lignin-rich mulga litter to buffel-grass litter with lower lignin concentration. Nitrogen mineralisation rates gradually decreased thereafter as nitrogen stocks continued to decrease but litter quality stabilised. A scenario analysis showed that soil carbon and nitrogen trends could be affected by changing the nitrogen budget through inclusion of legumes or cessation of nutrient removal by grazing animals. Inclusion of legumes was needed to halt the decline in soil nitrogen and to ensure the long-term maintenance, or increase, in nitrogen stocks. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI:000251655800012</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 241KRTimes Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 53Cited References: *AGO, 2005, GREENH GAS EM LAND U *DNRM, 2003, LAND COV CHANG QUEEN BAISDEN WT, 2002, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V16, ARTN 1135 BERNHARDREVERSA.F, 1987, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V30, P401 BOLGER TP, 2003, BIOL FERT SOILS, V38, P296, DOI 10.1007/s00374-003-0629-y BOLSTAD PV, 2005, FOREST SCI, V51, P372 CERRI CEP, 2004, GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL, V10, P815, DOI 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00759.x COLLATZ GJ, 1992, AUST J PLANT PHYSIOL, V19, P519 CRAWFORD RH, 1997, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V92, P229 DALAL RC, 1986, AUST J SOIL RES, V24, P293 DALAL RC, 2005, AUST J SOIL RES, V43, P13, DOI 10.1071/SR04044 DALAL RC, 2005, AUST J SOIL RES, V43, P179, DOI 10.1071/SR04076 DAVIDSON EA, 1993, BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, V20, P161 DEVINE WD, 2006, SOIL TILL RES, V87, P101, DOI 10.1016/j.still.2005.03.006 EHLERINGER J, 1983, PLANT PHYSIOL, V73, P555 FALLOON P, 2000, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V32, P433 FEARNSIDE PM, 1998, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V108, P147 FREY SD, 2000, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V32, P689 GALLAGHER AV, 1997, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V29, P477 GONZALEZPEREZ JA, 2004, ENVIRON INT, V30, P855, DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.003 GRACE PR, 2006, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V38, P1172, DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.013 GUO LB, 2002, GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL, V8, P345 HARMS BP, 2005, AUST J BOT, V53, P639, DOI 10.1071/BT04154 HEAL OW, 1997, DRIVEN NATURE PLANT, P3 JALOTA RK, 2006, COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN, V37, P1859, DOI 10.1080/00103620600767108 JANIK LJ, 1995, AUST J SOIL RES, V33, P621 JANIK LJ, 1998, AUST J EXP AGR, V38, P681 JEFFREY SJ, 2001, ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW, V16, P309 JUDAS M, 1995, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V39, P528 KIRSCHBAUM MUF, 1999, ECOL MODEL, V118, P17 KIRSCHBAUM MUF, 2002, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V34, P341 KIRSCHBAUM MUF, 2003, FUNCT PLANT BIOL, V30, P223, DOI 10.1071/FP02052 KIRSCHBAUM MUF, 2004, PLANT BIOLOGY, V6, P242, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-820883 KIRSCHBAUM MUF, 2007, AGR FOREST METEOROL, V145, P48, DOI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.04.002 KOUTIKA LS, 2001, BIOL FERT SOILS, V33, P294 LUGO AE, 1993, PLANT SOIL, V149, P27 MANN LK, 1986, SOIL SCI, V142, P279 MATHERS NJ, 2006, AUSTRAL ECOL, V31, P708, DOI 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01613.x MATTHEWS E, 1997, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V102, P18771 MURTY D, 2002, GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL, V8, P105 NASH JE, 1970, J HYDROL, V10, P282 PARTON WJ, 1987, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V51, P1173 PAUL KI, 2004, AGR FOREST METEOROL, V121, P167, DOI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2003.08.030 POWERS JS, 2004, GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL, V10, P170, DOI 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00736.x RASTETTER EB, 1992, WATER AIR SOIL POLL, V64, P327 SANDS PJ, 1995, AUST J PLANT PHYSIOL, V22, P603 SKJEMSTAD JO, 1999, COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN, V30, P2283 SKJEMSTAD JO, 2004, AUST J SOIL RES, V42, P79, DOI 10.1071/SR03013 SNOWDON P, 2000, 17 AUSTR GREEH OFF SOARES P, 1995, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V71, P251 VANLAUWE B, 1997, DRIVEN NATURE PLANT, P157 WANG WJ, 2004, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V36, P2045, DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.05.023 ZERIHUN A, 2006, ECOSYSTEMS, V9, P501, DOI 10.1007/s10021-005-0155-xKirschbaum, Miko U. F. Harms, Ben Mathers, Nicole J. Dalal, Ram C.Pergamon-elsevier science ltdOxford</style></notes></record></records></xml>